In recent years, many regions across the country have made breakthroughs in adopting point-shaped land supply methods to find a way out for the implementation of leisure and tourism projects. Can point-shaped land supply make tourism and leisure projects land smoothly? What problems may be faced in the implementation of this policy and how to solve them? A few days ago, Professor Yang Zhenzhi, the founder of Laiye Co., Ltd., was interviewed by China Tourism News and said that changing from “block-shaped land supply” to “point-shaped land supply” is a reasonable and key choice to solve the problem of rural tourism land use.
” China Tourism News ” reported
Solve the pain points of tourism land
In recent years, the problem of the difficulty of landing land for tourism has been valued and concerned by all parties. The land use of rural tourism projects also encountered the problem of difficulty in landing. Some enterprises engaged in investment in cultural tourism projects mentioned that according to the normal process, the land use needs to be “bidding, auctioning and listing”, and the demolition and reclamation fee of hundreds of thousands of yuan per mu is used as the standard, which can easily cost tens of millions of yuan. Such a costly and time-consuming land use index approval process has affected the progress of the project.
The construction land quotas of many local governments are very tight. After prioritizing major infrastructure construction, major project construction and urban new district construction, tourist attraction projects are usually ignored. Chengdu Xiulidongfang, which has been hotly speculated recently, has been demolished due to the delay in the implementation of land use indicators, and eventually the illegal construction facilities were demolished.
Take Chongqing, which has many mountains and abundant natural resources, as an example. There is no lack of funds and intentions from investors to invest in leisure tourism projects in this city, but there have been few successful rural leisure projects. Zhang Mengli, Chongqing Municipal Institute of Land Resources and Housing Survey and Planning once analyzed and pointed out that there are two main reasons: one is that the traditional land supply method cannot solve the problem of land supply, the conversion of agricultural land, and the balance of occupation and compensation, and the project is difficult to implement; The traditional way of land supply belongs to the entire land supply, and the capital requirements are often too high, which makes investors sigh.
Some experts pointed out that many rural tourism projects, from the perspective of environment and landscape construction, have relatively small and scattered facilities. If the land use method of urban construction is applied, it will be wasteful and costly. Therefore, it is better to use point-shaped land supply In line with the facts.
“At present, the land for tourism project development is mainly based on the city’s land supply system, and the block land is used as the basic transfer unit. The transfer of land preparation directly leads to the high cost of land for tourism projects.” Yang Zhenzhi, founder of Laiye Co., Ltd. and a professor at the School of Tourism, Sichuan University, said , taking tourist resort projects as an example, the actual construction land demand may be in the “order of magnitude” of hundreds of mu, however, according to the logic of block land supply, the corresponding “order of magnitude” of land acquisition may rise to thousands of mu, and the cost of land acquisition multiply. In this way, even if the owner still chooses to invest, it will be difficult to develop a truly high-quality tourism product, and it will inevitably be transformed into a real estate project in order to make a profit. “The transition from ‘block land supply’ to ‘point land supply’ is a reasonable and key choice to solve the problem of rural tourism land use.”
So what is point land? In layman’s terms, compared with the original sheet, point-shaped is to provide construction land scattered or belt-shaped on a large piece of land, and other surrounding land can be obtained through leasing. The reason why point-shaped land supply is introduced is that the method of patch-shaped land supply is difficult to work in rural areas.
Duan Ran, President of Beijing Gonow Jinhe Agricultural Company and Chief Scientist of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that point land supply is not an enclosure-style development, but a unified and coordinated dispatch of land resources under the guidance of planning, which is based on overall regional management and overall planning. Organic decentralization under planning is a scientific decision-making that combines rural conditions, land conditions, and market conditions, and helps to dig deeper into the vitality of rural land resources, optimize land use patterns, and flexibly handle various “difficult and miscellaneous diseases” in the process of rural development. “.
The smooth implementation of spot land supply is inseparable from the country’s attention and emphasis on tourism land use, and it is also inseparable from the active innovation and exploration of local governments. In recent years, local governments have issued special policy documents on land use for tourism development.
chongqing
For example, the Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Land, Resources and Housing issued the “Notice on Implementing the “Guiding Opinions on Making Good Use of Agricultural and Rural Development Land Use Policies to Promote Farmers’ Income Increase” (Trial)”, proposing that “it is really necessary to develop leisure agriculture, rural For tourism and other construction projects, explore the implementation of planned point-shaped layout and site-based land acquisition.” After the “Notice” was released, Banan, Wulong and other places actively explored, making Yanglushan tourist attraction supporting facilities, Guiyuan Town and other projects possible. The landing has broken through the bottleneck obstacle of “difficult planning and difficult land use” of the agricultural tourism integration project, and promoted the development of rural tourism.
Hainan
At the beginning of 2018, the Hainan Provincial People’s Government’s “Opinions on Further Strengthening Land Macro-control and Improving Land Use Benefits” proposed to actively explore the situation of maintaining the original appearance of the surrounding land of the main project in the construction of hundreds of towns, thousands of villages, shared farms and other tourism project facilities. , adopt the method of scattered blocks and point-shaped distribution to “point-shaped land supply”, and further improve the degree of refinement, precision, and intensification of land use.
Guangdong
In August 2018, the Guangdong Provincial Government issued the “Implementation Plan for Promoting Global Tourism Development in Guangdong Province”, which provides policy support for tourism land use. Support innovative land use methods for rural tourism. For the full use of natural scenery resources such as mountains, rivers, forests, fields and lakes, and the development of rural tourism and other tourism construction projects, the layout and development of land for point-shaped supporting facilities can be implemented, and land can be supplied independently by plot.
Planning the way out of the project
In recent years, many areas of the country have made breakthroughs in adopting point-shaped land use methods to find a way out for the landing of leisure and tourism projects, and have achieved major breakthroughs in the supply of construction land, creating a number of projects such as Hangzhou Moganshan naked Castle and Ningbo Jiulong Lake Resort. Excellent tourism and leisure projects.
Zhejiang Deqing Moganshan naked castle
The Moganshan naked castle project in Deqing, Zhejiang adopts the method of “spot-shaped land supply and vertical development”, and divides the project land into permanent construction land and ecological reserved land. Lease is not transferred, and it is used by the project owner in the form of lease, transfer, trusteeship, etc. naked Castle only added 12 acres of land for construction, and the remaining 80% of the buildings were rented and transformed from local farm houses. The more than 200 acres of forest in the park were transferred from the villagers to maintain their original appearance, which greatly saved the land use quota.
Fairy Mountain Town, Wulong, Chongqing
Guiyuan Town, located in Fairy Mountain Town, Wulong, Chongqing, is a rural leisure project built on point-shaped land. The vacant farm house was transformed. It is understood that 3 vacant farm houses have been renovated and put into use, and are used for mountain studios, reception centers and tea rooms. The remaining 8 buildings will be transformed into homestays, youth hostels, and farming experience workshops. Guiyuan Town is a successful case of point-shaped land development, which has the effect of promoting the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy from points to areas.
Hongya County, Sichuan Province
Hongya County, Sichuan Province adheres to the principle of “careful planning, scientific site selection, adapting measures to local conditions, rational use, active exploration, and step-by-step progress”, implements land use classification management, and adopts a breakthrough point-based land supply method to ensure the smooth implementation of tourism projects. For example, the project land of Qiliping National Resort is planned, submitted for approval, and supplied according to the geographical environment, which greatly reduces the occupation of land quotas and ensures the smooth implementation of the project.
Panyu, Guangdong
In order to further improve the land utilization rate and meet the needs of point-shaped tourism development, Panyu, Guangdong Province, on the basis of “zero occupation of cultivated land”, implemented point-shaped land supply to solve the problem of land use for tourism construction. On undeveloped land such as “low hills and gentle slopes” outside the planning area, according to the needs of “point-shaped layout and vertical development” for scattered tourism construction projects such as homestays and farmhouses, realize point-shaped land supply and point-shaped construction , the undeveloped construction land shall be maintained as the ecological reserve land. Up to now, the Xiaohai Cultural Tourism Resort Construction Project in Tuci Town and the Fengkang Project in the Shenjiayang Plot in Xianxiang Town have obtained the planning and design conditions for point-shaped land supply, saving more than 60% of the construction land index.
Point land supply not only greatly reduces land occupation indicators, solves the problem of project land use, but also reduces the financial pressure on investors. Shen Guidance, director of the Land Planning Department of Huzhou City Land and Resources Bureau, Zhejiang Province, once said that for a project of more than 1,200 mu in Huzhou, according to the original land supply method, more than 1,200 mu would be occupied, but after adopting the point-shaped land supply method, now The actual occupied land index is only 21 mu, and other ecological reserved land is provided by leasing, which greatly saves the land use index.
“The point-shaped land supply is also to a large extent the protection of the ecological environment.” The investor of the Cicada International Tent Camping Base project said that using this new model of land supply, the project was built on low hills and gentle slopes, and strictly followed the points The same amount of land as the state supply land will be developed, and the part not included in the development of construction land will be used as ecological reserve land, and the occupation of surrounding ecological forest land will be avoided as much as possible. The actual effect is that the buildings are integrated with the surrounding greenery, and the green mountains and green waters are within reach.
Yang Zhenzhi said that point-based land supply has many other advantages . For example, the government’s management and control capabilities are strengthened, and the lease-based land use method makes the definition of tourism activity space and environmental space clear, avoiding the waste of land indicators to the greatest extent, and facilitating the tourism of the entire project. Overall control of product and experience quality; ensuring project land use can be combined with the characteristics of tourism project construction types to ensure a balanced mix of project construction land and environmental land use according to local conditions; simplifying the land use approval process and simplifying operations in combination with relevant national policies or land use regulations , so that project approval is relatively convenient.
Release the vitality of land resources
Point-shaped land use has largely solved the problem of land use for rural tourism projects and promoted the development of the countryside, but it should also avoid the risks of project development and prevent problems that may be encountered during the implementation of point-shaped land supply.
One point worthy of attention is the inconsistency between the lease term of ecological reserved land and the transfer period of construction land. For example, the cultivated land and forest land leased by the Guiyuan Town project are leased for 12 years, but the property rights of the houses built on the construction land are 40 years. This means that the overall functions of the Guiyuan Town project cannot be guaranteed for a long time, and it is difficult to eliminate Problems caused by different property rights.
Yang Zhenzhi suggested that the planning policies related to spot land supply should be adjusted. Point-shaped land supply will put forward new requirements for the regulatory detailed planning system, which needs to be guided by the adjustment of planning policies; the current regulatory detailed planning is based on block land use as the standard, defining corresponding mandatory indicators for the development and construction of the overall plot Management and control; point-shaped land supply requires the combination of regulatory detailed planning, constructive detailed planning and conceptual planning, so as to facilitate the precise implementation and implementation of point-shaped land use policies.
It is necessary to do a good job in the connection between the overall planning of land use and urban and rural planning, tourism, agriculture, summer resort and other professional special planning, and realize the “integration of multiple plans” in the space and layout of point-shaped land use projects.
“Spot-shaped layout and vertical development must follow the basic development principle of ecological priority, not “spreading the cake” for development, and intensive cultivation while taking into account the people’s sentiments, maintaining characteristics, and achieving vertical and in-depth development.” Duan Ran said that in the implementation of point-shaped At the same time of layout, it is necessary to pay attention to functional grouping, and use the influence of “points” to connect multiple plots for development and utilization, so as to realize the functional effect of “point-like layout, linear development, and regional radiation”.
There are also some experts who suggest that point-shaped land supply should follow the law of ecological environment development, combine the actual scientific layout of the village, and follow the principle of “building is suitable for construction, agriculture is suitable for agriculture, and forestry is suitable for forestry” to achieve “categorical management, efficient There are rules.” It is necessary to make overall planning and development of land plots, rationally arrange construction projects, prevent arbitrary occupation of resources and disorderly development, and release the vitality of land resources to the maximum extent.
“Rural tourism projects developed through point-shaped land supply should unswervingly practice the concept of ‘green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains’ during the construction process, and put an end to the phenomenon of economic development at the expense of resources and the environment.” Zhang Mengli said that should Taking advantage of the point-shaped land supply policy, on the basis of drawing on the advanced experience of Hangzhou, Ningbo and other places, we will promptly implement the pilot point-shaped land supply and actively develop rural leisure tourism.
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